LSE creators

Number of items: 76.
Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion
  • Burchardt, Tania, Steele, Fiona, Grundy, Emily, Karagiannaki, Eleni, Kuha, Jouni, Moustaki, Irini, Skinner, Chris, Zhang, Nina, Zhang, Siliang (2021). Welfare within families beyond households: intergenerational exchanges of practical and financial support in the UK. LSE Public Policy Review, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.31389/lseppr.41 picture_as_pdf
    • European Institute
  • Zhu, Yajing, Steele, Fiona, Moustaki, Irini (2020). A multilevel structural equation model for the interrelationships between multiple latent dimensions of childhood socio‐economic circumstances, partnership transitions and mid‐life health. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A: Statistics in Society, 183(3), 1029 - 1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12554 picture_as_pdf
    • Grantham Research Institute
  • Zhu, Yajing, Steele, Fiona, Moustaki, Irini (2020). A multilevel structural equation model for the interrelationships between multiple latent dimensions of childhood socio‐economic circumstances, partnership transitions and mid‐life health. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A: Statistics in Society, 183(3), 1029 - 1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12554 picture_as_pdf
    • Management
  • Moustaki, Irini (2000). A review of exploratory factor analysis for ordinal categorical data. In Cudeck, Robert, Dunn, Stephen, Sorbom, Dag (Eds.), Structural Equation Models: Present and Future (pp. 461-480). Scientific software international.
    • Methodology
  • Kuha, Jouni, Moustaki, Irini (2015). Non-equivalence of measurement in latent variable modeling of multigroup data: a sensitivity analysis. Psychological Methods, 20(4), 523-536. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000031
  • Hafez, Mai Sherif, Moustaki, Irini, Kuha, Jouni (2015). Analysis of multivariate longitudinal data subject to nonrandom dropout. Structural Equation Modeling, 22(2), 193-201. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2014.936086
    • Social Policy
  • Burchardt, Tania, Steele, Fiona, Grundy, Emily, Karagiannaki, Eleni, Kuha, Jouni, Moustaki, Irini, Skinner, Chris, Zhang, Nina, Zhang, Siliang (2021). Welfare within families beyond households: intergenerational exchanges of practical and financial support in the UK. LSE Public Policy Review, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.31389/lseppr.41 picture_as_pdf
    • Statistics
  • Guastadisegni, Lucia, Cagnone, Silvia, Moustaki, Irini, Vasdekis, Vassilis (2025). The generalized Hausman test for detecting non-normality in the latent variable distribution of the two-parameter IRT model. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 78(3), 734 - 756. https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12379 picture_as_pdf
  • Alfonzetti, Giuseppe, Bellio, Ruggero, Chen, Yunxiao, Moustaki, Irini (2025). When composite likelihood meets stochastic approximation. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 120(551), 1906 - 1918. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2024.2436219 picture_as_pdf
  • Cardenas Hurtado, Camilo, Moustaki, Irini, Chen, Yunxiao, Marra, Giampiero (2025). Generalized latent variable models for location, scale, and shape parameters. Psychometrika, 90(3), 932 - 956. https://doi.org/10.1017/psy.2025.7 picture_as_pdf
  • Mignemi, Giuseppe, Chen, Yunxiao, Moustaki, Irini (2025). Unfolding the network of peer grades: a latent variable approach. Psychometrika, 90(3), 1153 - 1174. https://doi.org/10.1017/psy.2025.10021 picture_as_pdf
  • Jamil, Haziq, Moustaki, Irini, Skinner, Chris J. (2025). Pairwise likelihood estimation and limited-information goodness-of-fit test statistics for binary factor analysis models under complex survey sampling. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 78(1), 258 - 285. https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12358 picture_as_pdf
  • Alfonzetti, Giuseppe, Bellio, Ruggero, Chen, Yunxiao, Moustaki, Irini (2025). Pairwise stochastic approximation for confirmatory factor analysis of categorical data. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 78(1), 22 - 43. https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12347 picture_as_pdf
  • Mignemi, Giuseppe, Chen, Yunxiao, Moustaki, Irini (2025). Statistical analysis of peer grading: a latent variable approach. In Pollice, Alessio, Mariani, Paolo (Eds.), Methodological and Applied Statistics and Demography IV: SIS 2024, Short Papers, Contributed Sessions 2 (pp. 263 - 268). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64447-4_45 picture_as_pdf
  • Wallin, Gabriel, Chen, Yunxiao, Moustaki, Irini (2024). DIF analysis with unknown groups and anchor items. Psychometrika, 89(1), 267 - 295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-024-09948-7 picture_as_pdf
  • Vamvourellis, Konstantinos, Kalogeropoulos, Konstantinos, Moustaki, Irini (2023). Assessment of generalised Bayesian structural equation models for continuous and binary data. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 76(3), 559 - 584. https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12314 picture_as_pdf
  • Liu, Xinyi Lin, Wallin, Gabriel, Chen, Yunxiao, Moustaki, Irini (2023). Rotation to sparse loadings using Lp losses and related inference problems. Psychometrika, 88(2), 527 - 553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-023-09911-y picture_as_pdf
  • Guastadisegni, Lucia, Moustaki, Irini, Vasdekis, Vassilis, Cagnone, Silvia (2023). Detecting latent variable non-normality through the generalized Hausman test. In Wiberg, Marie, Molenaar, Dylan, González, Jorge, Kim, Jee-Seon, Hwang, Heungsun (Eds.), Quantitative Psychology - The 87th Annual Meeting of the Psychometric Society, 2022 (pp. 107-118). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27781-8_10 picture_as_pdf
  • Mavridis, Dimitris, Nikolakopoulou, Adriani, Moustaki, Irini, Chaimani, Anna, Porcher, Raphaël, Boutron, Isabelle, Ravaud, Philippe (2023). Considering multiple outcomes with different weights informed the hierarchy of interventions in network meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 154, 188-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.12.025 picture_as_pdf
  • Park, Jung Yeon, Wall, Melanie M, Moustaki, Irini, Grossman, Arnold (2022). A joint modeling approach for longitudinal outcomes and non-ignorable dropout under population heterogeneity in mental health studies. Journal of Applied Statistics, 49(13), 3361-3376. https://doi.org/10.1080/02664763.2021.1945000 picture_as_pdf
  • Chen, Yunxiao, Lu, Yan, Moustaki, Irini (2022). Detection of two-way outliers in multivariate data and application to cheating detection in educational tests. Annals of Applied Statistics, 16(3), 1718 - 1746. https://doi.org/10.1214/21-AOAS1564 picture_as_pdf
  • Guastadisegni, Lucia, Cagnone, Silvia, Moustaki, Irini, Vasdekis, Vassilis (2022). Use of the Lagrange multiplier test for assessing measurement invariance under model misspecification. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 82(2), 254 - 280. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131644211020355 picture_as_pdf
  • Christensen, William F., Wall, Melanie M., Moustaki, Irini (2022). Assessing dimensionality in dichotomous items when many subjects have all-zero responses: an example from psychiatry and a solution using mixture models. Applied Psychological Measurement, 46(3), 167-184. https://doi.org/10.1177/01466216211066602 picture_as_pdf
  • Katsikatsou, Myrsini, Moustaki, Irini, Md Jamil, Haziq (2022). Pairwise likelihood estimation for confirmatory factor analysis models with categorical variables and data that are missing at random. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 75(1), 23 - 45. https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12243 picture_as_pdf
  • Petropoulou, Maria, Salanti, Georgia, Rücker, Gerta, Schwarzer, Guido, Moustaki, Irini, Mavridis, Dimitris (2021). A forward search algorithm for detecting extreme study effects in network meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 40(25), 5642 - 5656. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.9145 picture_as_pdf
  • Burchardt, Tania, Steele, Fiona, Grundy, Emily, Karagiannaki, Eleni, Kuha, Jouni, Moustaki, Irini, Skinner, Chris, Zhang, Nina, Zhang, Siliang (2021). Welfare within families beyond households: intergenerational exchanges of practical and financial support in the UK. LSE Public Policy Review, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.31389/lseppr.41 picture_as_pdf
  • Tsokani, Sofia, Antoniou, Stavros A., Moustaki, Irini, López-Cano, Manuel, Antoniou, George A., Flórez, Ivan D., Silecchia, Gianfranco, Markar, Sheraz, Stefanidis, Dimitrios & Zanninotto, Giovanni et al (2021). Guideline assessment project II: statistical calibration informed the development of an AGREE II extension for surgical guidelines. Surgical Endoscopy, 35(8), 4061 – 4068. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08604-w picture_as_pdf
  • Guastadisegni, Lucia, Cagnone, Silvia, Moustaki, Irini, Vasdekis, Vassilis (2021). The asymptotic power of the Lagrange multiplier tests for misspecified IRT models. In Wiberg, Marie, Molenaar, Dylan, González, Jorge, Böckenholt, Ulf, Kim, Jee-Seon (Eds.), Quantitative Psychology: The 85th Annual Meeting of the Psychometric Society, Virtual (pp. 275 - 284). Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74772-5_25 picture_as_pdf
  • Geminiani, Elena, Marra, Giampiero, Moustaki, Irini (2021). Single and multiple-group penalized factor analysis: a trust-region algorithm approach with integrated automatic multiple tuning parameter selection. Psychometrika, 86(1), 65 - 95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-021-09751-8 picture_as_pdf
  • Koukounari, Artemis, Md Jamil, Haziq, Erosheva, Elena, Shiff, Clive, Moustaki, Irini (2021). Latent class analysis: insights about design and analysis of schistosomiasis diagnostic studies. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009042 picture_as_pdf
  • Chen, Yunxiao, Moustaki, Irini, Zhang, H (2020). A note on likelihood ratio tests for models with latent variables. Psychometrika, 85(4), 996 - 1012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-020-09735-0 picture_as_pdf
  • Liu, Dungang, Li, Shaobo, Yu, Yan, Moustaki, Irini (2020). Assessing partial association between ordinal variables: quantification, visualization, and hypothesis testing. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 0(0), 1 - 14. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2020.1796394 picture_as_pdf
  • Zhu, Yajing, Steele, Fiona, Moustaki, Irini (2020). A multilevel structural equation model for the interrelationships between multiple latent dimensions of childhood socio‐economic circumstances, partnership transitions and mid‐life health. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A: Statistics in Society, 183(3), 1029 - 1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12554 picture_as_pdf
  • Papageorgiou, Ioulia, Moustaki, Irini (2019). Sampling of pairs in pairwise likelihood estimation for latent variable models with categorical observed variables. Statistics and Computing, 29(2), 351-365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11222-018-9812-8
  • Kuha, Jouni, Katsikatsou, Myrsini, Moustaki, Irini (2018). Latent variable modelling with non-ignorable item nonresponse: multigroup response propensity models for cross-national analysis. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A: Statistics in Society, 181(4), 1169-1192. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12350
  • Jin, Shaobo, Moustaki, Irini, Yang-Wallentin, Fan (2018). Approximated penalized maximum likelihood for exploratory factor analysis: an orthogonal case. Psychometrika, 83(3), 628-649. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11336-018-9623-z
  • Zhu, Yajing, Steele, Fiona, Moustaki, Irini (2017). A general 3-step maximum likelihood approach to estimate the effects of multiple latent categorical variables on a distal outcome. Structural Equation Modeling, 24(5), 643-656. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2017.1324310
  • Mavridis, Dimitris, Moustaki, Irini, Wall, Melanie, Salanti, Georgia (2017). Detecting outlying studies in meta-regression models using a forward search algorithm. Research Synthesis Methods, 8(2), 199-211. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1197
  • Vaidakis, Dennis, Moustaki, Irini, Zervas, Ioannis, Barbouni, Anastasia, Merakou, Kyriaki, Chrysi, Maria, Creatsa, George, Panoskaltsis, Theodoros (2017). Knowledge of Greek adolescents on human papilloma virus (HPV) and vaccination: A national epidemiologic study. Medicine, 96(1), e5287. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005287
  • Katsikatsou, Myrsini, Moustaki, Irini (2016). Pairwise likelihood ratio tests and model selection criteria for structural equation models with ordinal variables. Psychometrika, 81(4), 1046-1068. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-016-9523-z
  • Vitoratou, Silia, Ntzoufras, Ioannis, Moustaki, Irini (2016). Explaining the behavior of joint and marginal Monte Carlo estimators in latent variable models with independence assumptions. Statistics and Computing, 26(1), 333-348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11222-014-9495-8
  • Kuha, Jouni, Moustaki, Irini (2015). Non-equivalence of measurement in latent variable modeling of multigroup data: a sensitivity analysis. Psychological Methods, 20(4), 523-536. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000031
  • Wall, Melanie M, Park, Jung Yeon, Moustaki, Irini (2015). IRT modeling in the presence of zero-inflation with application to psychiatric disorderseverity. Applied Psychological Measurement, 39(8), 583-597. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621615588184 picture_as_pdf
  • Hafez, Mai Sherif, Moustaki, Irini, Kuha, Jouni (2015). Analysis of multivariate longitudinal data subject to nonrandom dropout. Structural Equation Modeling, 22(2), 193-201. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2014.936086
  • Vitoratou, Silia, Ntzoufras, Ioannis, Moustaki, Irini (2014). Marginal likelihood estimation from the Metropolis output: tips and tricks for efficient implementation in generalized linear latent variable models. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 84(10), 2091-2105. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2013.783580
  • Vasdekis, Vassilis G. S., Rizopoulos, Dimitris, Moustaki, Irini (2014). Weighted pairwise likelihood estimation for a general class of random effects models. Biostatistics, 15(4), 677 - 689. https://doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxu018
  • Moustaki, Irini, Knott, Martin (2014). Latent variable models that account for atypical responses. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics, 63(2), 343-360. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssc.12032
  • Koukounari, Artemis, Donnelly, Christl A., Moustaki, Irini, Tukahebwa, Edridah M., Kabatereine, Narcis B., Wilson, Shona, Webster, Joanne P., Deelder, André M., Vennervald, Birgitte J., van Dam, Govert J. (2013). A latent Markov modelling approach to the evaluation of circulating cathodic antigen strips for schistosomiasis diagnosis pre- and post-praziquantel treatment in Uganda. PLoS Computational Biology, 9(12), e1003402. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003402
  • Anagnostopoulos, Fotios, Yfantopoulos, John, Moustaki, Irini, Niakas, Dimitris (2013). Psychometric and factor analytic evaluation of the 15D health-related quality of life instrument: the case of Greece. Quality of Life Research, 22(8), 1973-1986. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-013-0348-2
  • Koukounari, Artemis, Moustaki, Irini, Grassly, Nicholas C., Blake, Isobel M., Basanez, Maria-Gloria, Gambhir, Manoj, Mabey, David, Bailey, Robin L., Burton, Matthew J. & Solomon, Anthony W. et al (2013). Using a nonparametric multilevel latent Markov model to evaluate diagnostics for trachoma. American Journal of Epidemiology, 177(9), 913-922. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kws345
  • Katsikatsou, Myrsini, Moustaki, Irini, Yang-Wallentin, Fan, Jöreskog, Karl G. (2012). Pairwise likelihood estimation for factor analysis models with ordinal data. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 56(12), 4243-4258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2012.04.010
  • Ibironke, Olufunmilola, Koukounari, Artemis, Asaolu, Samuel, Moustaki, Irini, Shiff, Clive (2012). Validation of a new test for schistosoma haematobium based on detection of Dra1 DNA fragments in urine: evaluation through latent class analysis. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 6(1), e1464. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001464
  • Vasdekis, Vassilis G. S., Cagnone, Silvia, Moustaki, Irini (2012). A composite likelihood inference in latent variable models for ordinal longitudinal responses. Psychometrika, 77(3), 425-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-012-9264-6
  • Bartholomew, David J., Knott, Martin, Moustaki, Irini (2011). Latent variable models and factor analysis: a unified approach. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Mavridis, Dimitris, Moustaki, Irini (2009). The forward search algorithm for detecting aberrant response patterns in factor analysis for binary data. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 18(4), 1016-1034. https://doi.org/10.1198/jcgs.2009.08060
  • Cagnone, Silvia, Moustaki, Irini, Vasdekis, Vassilis (2009). Latent variable models for multivariate longitudinal ordinal responses. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 62(2), 401-415. https://doi.org/10.1348/000711008X320134
  • Rizopoulos, Dimitris, Moustaki, Irini (2008). Generalized latent variables models with non-linear effects. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 61(2), 415-438. https://doi.org/10.1348/000711007X213963
  • Mavridis, Dimitris, Moustaki, Irini (2008). Detecting outliers in factor analysis using the forward search algorithm. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 43(3), 453-475. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273170802285909
  • Bartholomew, David J., Steele, Fiona, Galbraith, J, Moustaki, Irini (2008). Analysis of multivariate social science data. CRC Press.
  • Moustaki, Irini (2007). Factor analysis and latent structure of categorical and metric data. In Cudeck, R, MacCallum, R. C. (Eds.), Factor Analysis at 100: Historical Developments and Future Directions (pp. 293-314). Erlbaum.
  • Mavridis, D, Moustaki, Irini, Knott, Martin (2007). Goodness-of-fit measures for latent variable models for binary data. In Lee, Sik-Yum (Ed.), Handbook for Latent Variable and Related Models (pp. 135-162). Elsevier (Firm).
  • Bock, R. Darrell, Moustaki, Irini (2007). Item response theory in a general framework. In Rao, C. R., Sinharay, Sandip (Eds.), Handbook of Statistics, Volume 26: Psychometrics (pp. 469-514). North-Holland.
  • Tsonaka, R, Moustaki, I (2007). Parameter constraints in generalized linear latent variable models. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 51(9), 4164-4177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2006.04.023
  • Moustaki, I, Victoria-Feser, M. P (2006). Bounded-influence robust estimation in generalized linear latent variable models. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 104(474), 644-653.
  • Moustaki, Irini, Steele, Fiona (2005). Latent variable models for mixed categorical and survival responses with an application to fertility preferences and family planning in Bangladesh. Statistical Modelling, 5(4), 327-342. https://doi.org/10.1191/1471082X05st100oa
  • Moustaki, Irini, Knott, Martin (2005). Computational aspects of the E-M and Bayesian estimation in latent variable models. In Andries van der Ark, L, Croon, Marcel A, Sijtsma, Klaas (Eds.), New Developments in Categorical Data Analysis for the Social and Behavioral Sciences (pp. 103-124). Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Moustaki, Irini, Papageorgiou, Ioulia (2004). Latent class models for mixed outcomes with applications in archaeometry. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 48(3), 659-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2004.03.001
  • Moustaki, Irini, Joreskog, K, Mavridis, D (2004). Factor models for ordinal variables with covariate effects on the manifest and latent variables: a comparison of LISREL and IRT approaches. Structural Equation Modeling, 11(4), 487-513. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1104_1
  • Moustaki, Irini (2003). A general class of latent variable models for ordinal manifest variables with covariate effects on the manifest and latent variables. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 56(2), 337-357. https://doi.org/10.1348/000711003770480075
  • Marcoulides, George A., Moustaki, Irini (Eds.) (2003). Latent variable and latent structure models. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Moustaki, Irini (2003). Latent variable models with covariates. In Kevork, Kōnst Ēl, Tzōrtzopoulos, P, Panaretos, John (Eds.), Stochastic Musings : Perspectives From the Pioneers of the Late 20th Century: a Volume in Celebration of the 13 Years of the Dep (pp. 117-128). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Moustaki, Irini, Marcoulides, George. A (2002). Locating "don't know", "no answer" and middle alternatives on an attitude scale: a latent variable approach. In Marcoulides, G, Moustaki, Irini (Eds.), Latent Variable and Latent Structure Models (pp. 15-41). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Moustaki, Irini (2002). Discussion of the paper by Fayers and Hand [Fayers, P. M. and Hand, D. J., Causal variables, indicator variables and measurement scales: an example from quality of life, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 2002:165(2), 233-261]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A: Statistics in Society, 165(2), 258-259.
  • Galbraith, J. I., Bartholomew, David J., Moustaki, Irini, Steele, Fiona (2002). The analysis and interpretation of multivariate data for social scientists. CRC Press.
  • Jöreskog, Karl G., Moustaki, Irini (2001). Factor analysis of ordinal variables: a comparison of three approaches. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 36(3), 347-387. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327906347-387
  • Moustaki, Irini, Knott, Martin (2000). Generalised latent trait models. Psychometrika, 65(3), 391-411. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02296153
  • Moustaki, Irini (2000). A latent variable model for ordinal variables. Applied Psychological Measurement, 24(3), 211-223. https://doi.org/10.1177/01466210022031679
  • Moustaki, Irini, Knott, Martin (2000). Weighting for item non-response in attitude scales by using latent variable models with covariates. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A: Statistics in Society, 163(3), 445-459. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-985X.00177
  • Moustaki, Irini, O'Muircheartaigh, C. (2000). A one dimension latent trait model to infer attitude from nonresponse for nominal data. Statistica, 60(2), 259-276.
  • Moustaki, Irini (2000). A review of exploratory factor analysis for ordinal categorical data. In Cudeck, Robert, Dunn, Stephen, Sorbom, Dag (Eds.), Structural Equation Models: Present and Future (pp. 461-480). Scientific software international.
  • Moustaki, Irini, O'Muircheartaigh, C (1996-05-16 - 1996-05-19) Item non-response in attitude scales: a latent variable approach [Paper]. 51st Annual Conference of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Utah, United States, USA.
  • Moustaki, Irini (1996). Latent variable models for mixed manifest variables [Doctoral thesis]. London School of Economics and Political Science. picture_as_pdf
  • Moustaki, Irini (1996). A latent trait and a latent class model for mixed observed variables. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 49(2), 313-334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8317.1996.tb01091.x